Land Rovers have been built since 1948, when they became the second oldest four wheel drive vehicles in automotive history after Jeeps. Back then, they were made by Rover, but Land Rover as a company wasn’t founded until 1978, as part of a really odd period of British mismanagement of the auto industry.
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(2008–2012)Land Rover is a luxury car brand that specialises in vehicles, owned by British, which has been owned by India's since 2008. The Land Rover is regarded as a British icon, and was granted a by King in 1951. In 2001 it received the for outstanding contribution to international trade.The Land Rover name was originally used by the for the, launched in 1948. It developed into a brand encompassing a range of four-wheel-drive models, including the, and.Land Rovers are currently assembled in England, India, China, and other markets. Series IOriginally, the vehicles was simply called the Land Rover – an car model of the. The 'Series' indication later became a, once 'Land Rover' had started becoming a, with the introduction of the in 1970, and eventually even a British Leyland subsidiary in 1978.
In 1983 and 1984, the long and the short wheelbase Land Rovers were finally given official names — the One Ten, and the Ninety respectively, and together they were badged the in 1990, after the 1989 introduction of the new model.Rover era. Land Rover conversion to fight forest fires, Italy (August 2016)The design for the original vehicle was started in 1947. Wilks, chief designer at the, on his farm in, working in conjunction with his brother who was the managing director of Rover.
The design may have been influenced by the and the prototype, later nicknamed, was built on a Jeep chassis and axles. The early choice of colour was dictated by supplies of aircraft cockpit paint, so early vehicles only came in various shades of light green; all models until recently feature sturdy box section ladder-frame chassis. Early vehicles like the were field-tested at Long Bennington and designed to be field-serviced.Land Rover Ltd - subsidiary of BLLand Rover as a company has existed since 1978. Prior to this, it was a product line of the Rover Company which was subsequently absorbed into the Rover-Triumph division of the (BL) following ’s takeover of Rover in 1967. The ongoing commercial success of the original Land Rover series models, and latterly the Range Rover in the 1970s in the midst of BL's well-documented business troubles prompted the establishment of a separate Land Rover company but still under the BL umbrella, remaining part of the subsequent in 1988, under the ownership of after the remains of British Leyland were broken up and privatised.In 1994 Rover Group plc, including Land Rover, was acquired. In 2000, Rover Group was broken up by BMW and Land Rover was sold to, becoming part of its.Ford eraIn 2006 Ford also purchased the from BMW for around £6 million.
BMW had retained ownership of the brand to protect the integrity of the Land Rover brand, with which 'Rover' might be confused in the US 4x4 market and allowed it to be used under licence by until it collapsed in 2005, at which point it was offered to the Ford Motor Company, who by then owned Land Rover. On 11 June 2007, Ford announced that it planned to sell Land Rover along with. Private equity firms such as of the UK, and of the US, of India and a consortium comprising of India and all initially expressed interest in purchasing the from the Ford Motor Company.
On 1 January 2008, Ford formally declared that Tata was the preferred bidder. In 2008, On 26 March 2008, Ford announced that it had agreed to sell its Jaguar and Land Rover operations to Tata Motors, and that it expected to complete the sale by the end of the second quarter of 2008. Tata Motors eraOn 18 January 2008, Tata Motors, a part of the, established as a British-registered and wholly owned subsidiary. The new company was to be used as a holding company for the acquisition of the two businesses from Ford - Jaguar Cars Limited and Land Rover. That acquisition was completed on 2 June 2008 at a cost of £1.7 billion. Included in the deal to buy Land Rover and Jaguar Cars were the rights to three other British brands: the, as well as two dormant brands and Rover.On 1 January 2013, the group, which had been operating as two separate companies (Jaguar Cars Limited and Land Rover), although on an integrated basis, underwent a fundamental restructuring. The parent company was renamed to Jaguar Land Rover Automotive PLC, Jaguar Cars Limited was renamed to Jaguar Land Rover Limited and the assets (excluding certain Chinese interests) of Land Rover were transferred to it.
The consequence was that Jaguar Land Rover Limited became responsible in the UK for the design, manufacture and marketing of both Jaguar and Land Rover branded products, and Land Rover and Jaguar Cars ceased to be separate vehicle producing entities. 2016 Range Rover Autobiography Historic. – the original 4×4. – the original Range Rover, produced from 1970 to 1996. Large off-road 4×4. (Were sold in some markets as LR2)- Small off-road 4×4Current 2017 UK Land Rover model line-upModelTypeMedium off-road 4x4Large off-road 4×4Small off-road 4×4Large off-road 4×4Large off-road 4×4Large off-road 4×4Concepts– Land Rover's first, unveiled at the 2004, later became the.(Gritzinger, 2004).– Land Rover's second concept vehicle, first unveiled at the.
Originally a vehicle with ERAD technology, the production version did not include this. Main article:During the history of the Land Rover many different engines have been fitted:. The inlet-over-exhaust petrol engines ('semi side-valve'), in both four- and six-cylinder variants, which were used for the very first Land Rovers in 1948, and which had their origins in pre-war Rover cars. Land-Rovers at, Australia(PTO) was integral to the Land Rover concept from 1948, enabling farm machinery and many other items to be run with the vehicle stationary.
Maurice Wilks' original instruction was '.to have power take-offs everywhere!' The 1949 report by British National Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Scottish Machinery Testing Station contained this description: 'the power take-off is driven through a propeller shaft from the main gearbox output and two interchangeable pinions giving two ratios. The PTO gearbox casing is bolted to the rear chassis cross-member and an 8 by 8 inches (200 mm × 200 mm) belt pulley driven from the PTO shaft through two bevel gears can be bolted to the PTO gearbox casing.' PTOs remained regular options on Series I, II and III Land Rovers up to the demise of the Series Land Rover in 1985. An agricultural PTO on a Defender is possible as a special order.Land Rovers (the ) are available in a variety of body styles, from a simple canvas-topped pick-up truck to a twelve-seat fully trimmed.
Both Land Rover and out-of-house contractors have offered conversions and adaptations to the basic vehicle, such as, ambulances, and six-wheel-drive versions, as well as one-off special builds including Land Rovers and vehicles fitted with tracks instead of wheels.Military use. Land Rovers on parade with the, and, June 2007Various Land Rover models have been used in a military capacity, most notably by the.
Modifications may include military 'blackout' lights, heavy-duty suspension, uprated brakes, 24 volt electrics, convoy lights, electronic suppression of the ignition system, blackout curtains and mounts for special equipment and small arms. Dedicated military models have been produced such as the and the air-portable. Military uses include light utility vehicle; communications platform; weapon platform for, (e.g. Or ) / Guided Weapons or machine guns; ambulances and workshops. The Discovery has also been used in small numbers, mostly as liaison vehicles.Two models that have been designed for military use from the ground up are the 101 Forward Control from the early 1970s and the Lightweight or Airportable from the late 1960s. The latter was intended to be transported under a helicopter.
The (RAFMRS) teams were early users in the late 1950s and early 1960s, and their convoys of Land Rovers and larger military trucks are a sight often seen in the mountain areas of the United Kingdom. Originally RAFMRS Land Rovers had blue bodies and bright yellow tops, to be better seen from above. In 1981, the colour scheme was changed to green with yellow stripes. More recently, vehicles have been painted white, and are issued with fittings similar to civilian UK teams.An adaptation of Land Rovers to military purposes is the 'Pink Panther' models. Approximately 100 Series IIA models were adapted to use by British special operations forces the. For desert use they were often painted pink, hence the name.
The vehicles were fitted with among other gear a, machine guns, larger fuel tanks and smoke dischargers. Similar adaptations were later made to Series IIIs and 90/110/Defenders.The Australian Army adapted the 2 into the for use by the and as an anti-tank 'gunbuggy' fitted with an.The of the also adapted twelve versions of the Land Rover that were officially designated the.Series and Defender models have also been armoured. The most widespread of these is the, built by of.
The first of these were delivered in 1965 to the, the Northern Ireland police force. They were originally 109-inch (2,800 mm) wheelbase models with an armoured body and a turret from the.
By 1990, there had been more than 1,000 produced.In the 1970s, a more conventional armoured Land Rover was built for the Royal Ulster Constabulary in Wales called the Hotspur. The was built by the Royal Ulster Constabulary's own vehicle engineering team during the 1990s.
The British Army has used various armoured Land Rovers, first in Northern Ireland but also in more recent campaigns. They first added protective panels to Series General Service vehicles (the Vehicle Protection Kit (VPK)). Later they procured the Glover Webb APV and finally the Courtaulds (later NP Aerospace) Composite Armoured Vehicle, commonly known as. These were originally based on heavy-duty V8 110 chassis but some have recently been re-mounted on new chassis from of Turkey and fitted with diesel engines and air-conditioning for Iraq. Although these now have more in common with the (Defender XD) Land Rovers that many mistakenly confuse them with, the Snatch and the Wolf are different vehicles.The most radical conversion of a Land Rover for military purposes was the Centaur. It was based on a Series III with a V8 engine and a shortened belt drive from the light. A small number was manufactured, and they were used by Ghana, among others.The Land Rover is used by military forces throughout the world.
The current generation of Land Rover used by British Army, the Snatch 2, have upgraded and strengthened chassis and suspension compared to civilian-specification vehicles. There is also the Land Rover WMIK (weapon mounted installation kit) used by British Army. The WMIK consists of a driver, a raised gun, usually a Browning heavy machine gun or a grenade machine gun, this used for ground support, and a GPMG (general-purpose machine gunner) located next to the driver, this used for vehicle protection.Competitive useHighly modified Land Rovers have competed in the and won the almost every year, as well as having been the vehicle used for the. Now, Land Rover has its own.
Driver trainingLand Rover Experience was established in 1990, and consists of a network of centres throughout the world, set up to help customers get the most out of their vehicles' on and off-road capability. The flagship centres are Land Rover's bases at Solihull, Eastnor, Gaydon and Halewood. Courses offered include off-road driving, winching and trailer handling, along with a variety of corporate and individual 'Adventure Days'.
The factory centres at Solihull and Halewood have manufacturing tours, while Gaydon has an engineering tour.SafetyModel-by-model road accident statistics from the UK show that the is one of the safest cars on British roads as measured by chance of death in two-car injury accidents.The figures, which were based on data collected by police forces following accidents between 2000 and 2004 in Great Britain, showed that Defender drivers had a 1% chance of being killed or seriously injured and a 33% chance of sustaining any kind of injury. Other four-wheel-drive vehicles scored equally highly, and collectively these vehicles were much safer for their passengers than those in other classes such as passenger cars and MPVs. These figures reflect the fact that drivers of large mass vehicles are likely to be safer, often at the expense of other drivers if they collide with smaller cars.ClubsThe original Land Rover Owners Club was set up by the Rover Company in 1954. The company published the Land Rover Owners Club Review magazine for members from 1957 to 1968 when the club became the Rover Owners Association. This original association fell away when the company merged with British Leyland.There are many Land Rover clubs throughout the UK and internationally. Land Rover clubs break down into a number of groups of varying interests.Single Marque Clubs – Bring together owners of a specific model or series of vehicle such as the Land Rover Series One Club, or the Discovery Owners Club.
Single marque clubs have a global membership.Special Vehicle Clubs – At various times Land Rover have produced vehicles for specific events or on a specific theme, most notable are the and G4 Challenge vehicles which have been sold on to the general public, and a range of Defenders that were loosely based on the custom vehicles produced for the Tomb Raider motion picture.Regional Clubs in the UK break down into two groups, competitive and non-competitive. The non-competitive clubs activities generally relate to social events, off-road driving or on un-surfaced public highways or 'pay and play' days at off-road centres. Competitive clubs are a phenomenon almost exclusively found within the UK, who as well as the non-competitive activities detailed above run competitive events such as Tyro, Road Taxed Vehicle (RTV) and Cross Country Vehicle (CCV) trials, winch and recovery challenges or speed events such as Competitive Safaries. All UK competitive events are run within the framework of rules created by the (MSA) with further vehicle specific rules applied by the host club or association. Outside of the UK regional clubs are independent and mostly non-competitive.A number of clubs are affiliated to the Association of Land Rover Clubs (ALRC), formerly known as the Association of Rover Clubs (ARC) the association applies its own vehicle regulations to all of its member clubs who have the opportunity to compete together at regional events and an annual national event with vehicles approved to the same standard. In recent years some non-competitive clubs have dropped their affiliation fifth ALRC.
Few clubs outside of the UK are affiliated with ALRC. Other than ALRC and the short lived Association of North American Rover Clubs (ANARC), which was created 1998 to celebrate Land Rover's 50th anniversary and disbanded in 2001, other groups of Land Rover clubs have affiliated with each other.Land Rover owners were also early adopters of virtual clubs that are entirely based online. Bill Caloccia created the original Land Rover Owner email list (LRO) as single marque offshoot of the British Cars email list in May 1990. Bill later created email lists in the mid 1990s for Range Rovers (RRO) and various regions (e.g., UK-LRO, AU-LRO, ZA-LRO, EU-LRO, IT-LRO, NL-LRO). In California members of the LRO list created mendorecce in 1995.In 2005, under Ford ownership, Land Rover became more interested in the club environment. An internal club was formed, The Land Rover Club, exclusive to employees of Ford's (Now exclusive to the new 'Jaguar – Land Rover' group since the brand moved away from the Ford stable). Also, an agreement was generated to allow other clubs to use the Land Rover green oval logo under licence.
In 2006, the Bedfordshire, Hertfordshire and Cambridgeshire club were the pilot licensees for the new agreement, who now benefit from a reciprocal arrangement where their own logo is trade marked and owned by Land Rover and they can refer to themselves as a 'Land Rover Approved Club'.Brand extensions BicyclesIn 1995, Land Rover endorsed the production of a hand-made bicycle using its logo. The bicycle, called the Land Rover APB and manufactured by of Stratford-upon-Avon, was the collapsible version of Pashley Cycles' APB (All Purpose Bicycle) model, with leading link front suspension and adjustable damping and stroke. Two more models immediately followed: the Land Rover XCB V-20, aimed primarily at younger riders (children); and the Land Rover XCB D-26, also available as the M26 with hydraulic rim brakes, front suspension and suspension seat pillar.In June 2004, Land Rover released a comprehensive 25 model range of bicycles. The three main ranges are the 'Defender', the 'Discovery', and the 'Freelander', each with different attributes. The 'Discovery' is an all-rounder bicycle suited to a variety of terrains, 'Defender' is most suited to rugged and off-road pursuits, whereas the 'Freelander' is designed for an urban lifestyle. All bikes are made from lightweight aluminium.In 2010 the range was relaunched in conjunction with British manufacturer 2x2.
CoffeeLand Rover has had its name associated with coffee since 2005, when the Land Rover Coffee company was established. PushchairsLand Rover gave UK company Pegasus a licence to produce a three-wheeler range of Land Rover ATP. The design reflected the heritage of the marque, with a light metal frame with canvas seating, held together with push-studs and tough simple parts like brakes and hinges. They could be collapsed completely flat, with wheels removed in seconds. The basic frame could be adapted with modules to allow a baby to lie flat or a bubble windscreen to completely enclose the child. The frame also came in long or short-handled versions, and could be repaired with home tools.
The design was simple, light, and rugged and able to travel in all terrains (hence the ATP for all-terrain pushchair.) It came in three military looking colours: a light blue, a sand colour and olive drab. Production was discontinued in 2002. See also.References. Intellectual Property Office. Crown (UK Government). Retrieved 24 January 2018.
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You may delete and block all cookies from this site but some elements may not work correctly. To find out more about online behavioural advertising or about the cookies we use and how to delete them, please refer to our. By closing, you're agreeing to cookies being used in line with our.The figures provided are NEDC2 calculated from official manufacturer's WLTP tests in accordance with EU legislation. For comparison purposes only. Real world figures may differ. CO 2 and fuel economy figures may vary according to wheel fitment and optional extras fitted.
NEDC2 are figures calculated using a Government formula from WLTP figures equivalent to what they would have been under the old NEDC test. The correct tax treatment can then be applied.Wet: Volume as measured by simulating the loadspace filled with liquid. © JAGUAR LAND ROVER LIMITED 2019Jaguar Land Rover Limited: Registered office: Abbey Road, Whitley, Coventry CV3 4LF.
Registered in England No: 1672070The information, specification, engines and colours on this website are based on European specification and may vary from market to market and are subject to change without notice. Some vehicles are shown with optional equipment that may not be available in all markets.
Please contact your local retailer for local availability and prices. The figures provided are as a result of official manufacturer's tests in accordance with EU legislation. A vehicle's actual fuel consumption may differ from that achieved in such tests and these figures are for comparative purposes only.WLTP is the new official EU test used to calculate standardised fuel consumption and CO 2 figures for passenger cars. It measures fuel, energy consumption, range and emissions. This is designed to provide figures closer to real-world driving behaviour. It tests vehicles with optional equipment and with a more demanding test procedure and driving profile.